This document examines Taiwan’s steel industry within the unique context of a technologically advanced economy constrained by political isolation, limited natural resources, and critical dependencies on imported energy and raw materials. With annual crude steel production of approximately 19–22 million tonnes, Taiwan ranks as the world’s 13th–15th largest producer and a significant exporter, shipping to over 130 countries.
Dominated by China Steel Corporation (CSC)—accounting for approximately 50% of domestic capacity—and complemented by innovative electric arc furnace (EAF) producers like Tung Ho Steel, Taiwan’s steel sector combines large-scale integrated production with pioneering urban mining and circular economy practices.
The industry faces profound decarbonization challenges driven by Taiwan’s 2050 net-zero commitment, yet constrained by insufficient government funding, limited renewable energy availability, and the technical complexity of transitioning blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF) capacity.
